The 20th century was the bloodiest age in all of world history.
During this era, for the first time, humanity was introduced to the concept of a world war.
Taken together, World Wars I and II resulted in a total of 65 million people losing their lives.
About half of these casualties were civilians who had nothing to do with these wars.
Children, defenseless women, and the elderly alike were massacred cruelly.
So one might ask, how did the world find itself in the mists of such colossal insanity?
How did people so easily sacrifice both their own nations and those of others?
What sort of thought lay behind this cruelty?
In this film, you can discover the answers.
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wars have existed almost since the dawn of humanity itself competing political and economic
interests led people to take arms against one another
weapons and armies have developed hand-in-hand and so wars have grown ever more violent than destructive
however until the 20th century wars took the form of front battles in which soldiers of two armies
would meet on both sides of a battlefield and the fighting would revolve around this axis in these
conflicts it was the soldiers alone who were killed
but in the 20th century a new breed of war was born one targeting not only soldiers but also the masses
of people the effects of such wars would be felt in not just a handful of countries but rather were
like they had taken the entire world in their terrible maw
throughout history war has inflicted great suffering and losses to society
a number of prophets who were sent to the people as messengers warned them against this calamity and
turmoil
and to medyan we sent their brother shuaib he said my people worship god and look to the last day
and do not act unjustly on earth corrupting it
through the voice of their prophets the israelites made a promise to god not to shed blood
and when we made a covenant with you not to shed your blood and not to expel one another from your homes
you agreed and were all witnesses
in nineteenth-century europe colonialism was widespread european power was
in the past four and it was just great britain and france had established colonial empires in
all four corners of the world
germany which had established its political unity later than other countries was striving to become
a forerunner in this race
by the beginning of the twentieth century interest based relations had split europe into two opposing poles
britain france and russia were on one side and germany and the austria hungarian empire
Empire ruled by the Habsburgs of German origin were on the other.
The tension between these two groups escalated with each passing day, and finally an assassination
in 1914 provided the spark for war.
Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the heir to the throne of the Austria-Hungarian Empire, was
killed by Serbian nationalists who sought to curb the empire's influence in the Balkans.
Within a very short period of time, provocations following on the heels of this incident pulled
the entire European continent into war.
First, Austria-Hungary declared war against Serbia.
Russia, a traditional ally of the Serbians, then declared war against Austria-Hungary.
Then one after another, Germany, Britain and France entered the war.
The fuse had been lit.
Before the war had even begun, the German general staff had drawn up a plan and decided to take
control of France through a sudden attack.
To achieve this aim, the Germans entered Belgium and later crossed the border into France.
Responding quickly, the French army stopped the Germans on the banks of the River Marne and
started a counteroffensive.
Although both armies suffered serious losses, no progress on the battlefront was to be found.
Both the German and French soldiers hid in trenches in order to protect themselves.
As the result of a series of attacks stretching over several months, some 400,000 French soldiers
were killed.
The death toll of German soldiers reached 350,000.
Trench warfare became the main strategy of World War I.
Over the next few years, soldiers practically lived in these trenches.
Life there was difficult in the extreme.
Soldiers lived under the constant threat of being bombarded, and they constantly faced extreme
stress and fear.
The bodies of those who died had to remain in these places, and soldiers had to sleep next
to the corpses.
When it rained, the trenches overflowed with mud.
More than 20 million soldiers who fought in World War I suffered horrific conditions in
these trenches.
And most of them died there.
Within a few weeks of its being established by a 1914 German attack, the war's western front
was essentially fixed in a stalemate.
The soldiers burrowed in these trenches were trapped at a distance of only a few hundred meters
away from each other.
The attack launched in an effort to end this stalemate was going to cost more lives.
At the beginning of 1916, Germans developed a new plan to break through the western front.
Their plan was to suddenly attack the city of Verdun, which was considered the pride of
the French.
The goal of the attack was not to win the war, but rather to inflict great losses on the French
army and so weaken their resistance.
German chief of staff, Balkenheim, calculated that every German soldier was going to single-handedly
kill three French soldiers.
The attack began on February 21.
German commanders ordered their soldiers to get out of their trenches, but every soldier
that did so was dead or dying in about three minutes.
Despite attacks that went on for months on end, the Germans failed to capture Verdun.
Taken together, the two sides lost about a million soldiers.
And for that effort, the front line nudged 12 kilometers.
One million people died for the sake of a dozen kilometers.
The British retaliated against Germany's attack on Verdun with the Battle of the Somme.
British factories produced hundreds of thousands of artillery shells.
General Douglas Haig's plans called for the British army to rain down continuous bombardment
for a full week, followed by an infantry attack.
Many believed that they would advance 14 kilometers on the first day alone, and then shatter all
the German lines within a single week.
The attack began on June 1.
British artillerymen attacked German lines for one week without let-up.
At the end of that week, British officers ordered their soldiers to climb out of their trenches.
However, during the bombardment, the German soldiers had sat tight in their deep trenches and
so hadn't been destroyed, foiling the British plan.
As the British soldiers moved across the front lines, the German soldiers opened up on them
with their machine guns.
A total of 20,000 British soldiers died in the first few hours of the battle.
In the darkness of that night, the field between two fronts was filled with tens of thousands of dead bodies as well as injured soldiers trying to drag themselves back.
The battle of the Somme lasted not for the two weeks that General Haig had planned on, but rather for five months.
These months were nothing but massacres.
Generals insistently sent wave after wave of their soldiers to a certain death.
At the end of the battle, the sides between themselves had lost a total of 900,000 men.
The battle of the Somme lasted not for the two weeks that General Haig had planned on, but rather for five months.
These months were nothing but massacres.
The front moved only 11 kilometers.
These soldiers were sacrificed for a mere 11 kilometers.
Both sides had many more attacks during World War I.
And each one of these attacks was a massacre in itself.
Three battles took place in Belgium's town of Ypres alone.
Some half a million soldiers died only in the third battle.
Each attack had the same result.
Thousands of lives lost only to advance for a handful of kilometers.
This terrible war, which had no good cause, claimed the lives of countless innocents.
Many people lost their relatives or had to abandon their homes.
The ultimate causes behind this social catastrophe were political ambitions and the interests of certain ideological circles.
Promoting corruption, which is caused by the worldly ambitions of those who deny God, is forbidden in the Koran.
God forbids people to cause corruption on the earth.
Do not corrupt the earth after it has been put right.
Call on Him fearfully and eagerly.
God's mercy is close to the good-doers.
God's mercy is close.
World War I ushered in the first appearance of a host of deadly phenomena.
One of these was that war began targeting not only armies, but also civilians.
The first bombardment aimed at civilian populations was a 1915 attack on Britain by a German Zeppelin.
The bombs hurled from these Zeppelins took the lives of many innocents.
The German submarine U-boats began a campaign of firing on civilian ships crossing the Atlantic Ocean.
On May 7, 1915, the world's biggest transatlantic ship, the Lusitania, was sunk just off the coast of Ireland by a U-boat attack.
Out of the Lusitania's 2,000 passengers, a total of 1,195 people drowned or died in the attack.
Another disaster of the war was chemical weapons.
Poison gas, a weapon first used by the French and later also by the Germans, led to the agonizing death of thousands of soldiers.
Many soldiers were blinded by the gas.
And armies had to resort to issuing gas masks as a protective measure.
Civilians, too, were given gas masks to protect them from the often deadly menace.
In 1918, World War I finally drew to a close after four years of pointless attacks at the hands of the British, French and German armies.
But this peace, declared at 11 a.m. on the 11th day of the 11th month, wasn't going to bring happiness to anyone.
Hundreds of thousands of soldiers remained handicapped.
Others proved unable to overcome the psychological impact of war after living in these trenches full of mud, dirt and dead bodies.
The form of trauma known as shell shock was very common among war veterans, and it caused its sufferers to undergo fits of intense fear and shaking.
The fear of being bombed, which they had lived with every day for four years on end, was engraved in their brains.
Some patients felt compelled to go hide themselves at the mere mention of the word bomb.
Some veterans even felt terror grip them whenever they saw a uniform.
Tens of thousands of soldiers also lost one or more limbs in this war.
So legion were the ranks of soldiers whose eyes, chins or noses were disfigured during the bombings that special masks were invented in Europe to mask their scarred faces.
The great pain inflicted by World War I was also reflected in the fine arts.
Works of postwar art depicted pain and insanity.
These works reflected not only the psychologies of the artists, but also that of the entire generation.
This generation, which felt the impact of the war's misery so deeply, was later dubbed the Lost Generation.
As we have seen, this generation is the greatest generation.
As we have seen, war is a great agent of cruelty which has no benefit for people or society.
It is a social catastrophe which brings forth great pain and inflicts deep wounds on people which are long in healing, if they can.
God, on the other hand, has instructed people to steer clear of wars and to make peace prevail.
God gives good news to those who commit good deeds.
That abode of the hereafter, we grant it to those who do not seek to exalt themselves in the earth or to cause corruption in it.
The successful outcome is for those who do their duty.
Would we make those who believe and do right actions the same as those who cause corruption on the earth?
Would we make those who do their duty the same as the desolate?
So, what was the cause of this disaster which transformed Europe into an ocean of love?
Why did the leaders of powerful countries push their nations into such a meaningless
pit of death?
Before the war, many people thought that such a war would be very beneficial and even that
it was necessary.
Many people welcomed the war and were overjoyed when war was declared.
Leaders were proud to send off their soldiers to the battlefields.
The main cause of this great mistake was their belief in a concept, namely, Darwinism.
American historian Thomas Knapp explains this as follows.
The war itself was not a surprise.
It had been, in fact, anticipated in wide European circles in the decade or so before 1914.
There's even a fair amount of evidence to show that the number of Europeans on all sides welcomed
the war.
War was to be cleansing, exciting, rejuvenating.
Educational systems in most European countries were shot through with a kind of social Darwinist,
collective mentality in which war was seen as exhilarating and ennobling.
Social Darwinism was the application of Darwin's evolutionary theory to society.
From this theory, which was later disproved, Darwin claimed that all creatures in nature were engaged
in a struggle to survive.
He claimed that humans were an advanced form of animal which moved ahead through conflict.
This mistaken theory, which looked like a scientific fact to many people considering the technological
level of that age, formed the foundation for World War I as well as a number of other social
disasters.
The diaries and personal correspondence of European leaders from that time show that they were
influenced by social Darwinism.
These leaders rejected the path of love and mercy-based morality which God had revealed
to the people in favor of social Darwinism instead.
For instance, General von Hutzendorf, the Austria-Hungarian chief of staff, wrote this in his post-war memoirs.
Philanthropic religions, moral teachings and philosophical doctrines may certainly sometimes serve to weaken
mankind's struggle for existence in its crudest form.
They will never succeed in removing it as a driving motive of the world.
It is in accordance with this great principle that the catastrophe of the World War came
about as the result of the motive forces in the lives of states and peoples, like a thunderstorm
which must by its nature discharge itself.
Frederick von Bernhardi, another First World War general, also drew a link between war and the so-called evolutionary laws of nature.
War is a biological necessity.
It is as necessary as the struggle of the elements of nature.
It gives a biologically just decision since its decisions rest on the very nature of things.
In sum, World War I was caused by European rulers who believed that fighting, bloodshed, suffering and making others suffer
were all part of the law of nature.
It is Darwin's evolutionary theory which pushed an entire generation into these mistaken beliefs.
The dark figure of Darwin lurks behind the curtain of war.
However, contrary to Darwin's claims, humans are not animals that survive in order to do battle with each other.
In the Qur'an, God has this to say about those who start wars.
Each time they kindle the fire of war, God extinguishes it.
They rush about the earth, corrupting it.
God does not love corrupters.
God created people, gave them a spirit that is unique among all other living things, and commanded
them to lead a moral existence.
This way of life requires love, fraternity, mercy and peace.
Only if people obey this instruction can the world become a place of peace.
The divine order that will bring peace and salvation to all humanity is expressed in the Qur'an as follows.
And do good as God has been good to you, and do not seek to cause corruption in the earth.
God does not love corrupters.
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World War I was the product of a thought system that assumed that fighting and bloodshed were
an essential law of nature.
Even after the war ended, this philosophy lived on.
Because it did not die, it went on to plant the seed of an even larger, more terrifying war.
Germany was at the center of this great threat.
The Treaty of Versailles that ended World War I imposed on Germany a very heavy financial burden of compensation.
Even as the nation struggled to recover from the effects of the war, it began to fall into a serious economic crisis.
Competing political groups took to fighting in the streets.
In the midst of this chaotic atmosphere, a fanatical political movement began to rise.
This was the Nazi party led by Adolf Hitler.
The Naziism was nothing but an interpretation of social Darwinism.
Hitler had already adopted the racial struggle to survive view, which was the basis of Darwin's theory.
According to Hitler, the Aryan race of the German people was at the top rung of the evolutionary ladder,
and it had the right to rule over other races.
In order to make this view a reality, they needed another war.
A war that would make Germany the ruler of the whole world.
Brutal, ambitious leaders were leading this movement.
The situation of these leaders was explained as follows in the Koran.
When he holds the upper hand, he goes about the earth corrupting it, destroying people's crops and breeding stock.
God does not love corruption.
Then, is it to be expected of you, if you assumed power, that you will cause corruption in the earth and sever your ties of kinship?
Naziism started another world war in 1939.
Nazi armies occupied Poland through a sudden attack.
Germany brought Poland to its knees in only three weeks.
Poland's capital, Warsaw, was bombed mercilessly and many civilians died.
The entire world was huddled in fear, waiting to see what the next target would be.
The German general staff was making plans for new attacks.
Meanwhile, another totalitarian power took the first step towards war.
The Soviet Union ruled by Stalin's bloody dictatorship.
Stalin and Hitler signed a non-aggression pact in August 1939.
They reached an agreement to share Poland, but this was not to satisfy Stalin.
With a sudden attack, the Red Army invaded the Baltic states of Latvia, Estonia and Lithuania.
Then they moved towards the north and occupied Finland.
This attack claimed over a quarter million lives.
Hitler's troops occupied Denmark, Norway, Belgium and the Netherlands.
German armies entered France via Belgium in May 1940.
Tens of thousands of civilians started fleeing their homes out of fear of Nazi violence.
On June 13, German armies marched into the streets of Paris.
Hitler posed for photographs in front of the Eiffel Tower.
In the months to come, Germany went on to invade Bulgaria, Yugoslavia and Greece.
All of entire Europe was being crushed under Hitler's boots.
Germany's largest plan for occupation was against one-time ally Russia.
This plan, codenamed Operation Barbarossa, began with a sudden attack on June 22, 1941.
The German army moved quickly, and within 12 weeks, they had invaded Kiev.
One month later, they were at the outskirts of Moscow.
The next three years witnessed the unfolding of a horrific war between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union.
This conflict, which became the bloodiest war in all of history, claimed the lives of over 30 million people.
Both of the sides fighting in this war, Nazism and Communism, committed terrible crimes against humanity.
The ideologies fighting in this war were trying to realize their own plans and expectations,
although they had no moral or humanitarian cause.
Towards their ends, they allowed the killings of millions of people.
Supporting such cruelty, which recognizes no boundaries, is strictly forbidden in the Koran.
Do not obey the orders of the profligate, those who corrupt the earth and do not put things right.
You will be divided by the Nazi, both the ruling of war.
You will do some woolly prey.
You will break it obviously, but you will break it quite a bit.
world war ii was more than just a war it was also a concerted effort to commit massacres
and genocide this initiative was based on hitler's racist living space policy
he claimed that germany's current territory was not enough for the german people
and that the aryan race was being squeezed on this land he thus argued that they had to occupy the
eastern european countries and turned these places into lebensraum or living space for germans
the tens of millions of people already living on these lands faced cruel massacres
the nazi armies perpetrated enormous massacres in every region they occupied in eastern europe
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In particular, they carried out wantonly merciless acts against Jews, Gypsies, Poles, and Slavs,
groups they saw as inferior to them. Special Nazi SS units, formed especially to carry out these massacres,
started killing all the groups they targeted, above all, the Jews.
All the occupied areas were thick with the bodies of the dead and survivors grieving over them.
Clergymen and places of worship were favorite targets of the Nazis.
They burned and destroyed all the churches and killed people of faith.
Clergymen and places of worship were favorite targets of the Nazis.
They burned and destroyed all the churches and killed people of faith.
The Nazis' cruelty was on full show in their concentration camps.
Jews, Gypsies, prisoners of war, and Catholic clergymen were made to toil like slaves.
These camps were turned into slaughterhouses for human beings.
Millions of innocent men, women, and children were cruelly murdered in systems designed to kill people en masse.
When the camps were liberated, the Allies were greeted by tens of thousands of dead bodies side by side with prisoners waiting at death's door.
In the Nazi concentration camps, a total of 11 million innocent people lost their lives.
By 1943, it had become clear that the Nazis were going to lose the war.
In Stalingrad, Hitler's army suffered a huge defeat at the hands of Soviet forces.
After this disaster, Germans also lost another battle in the Kursk region,
an event known as the greatest tank battle in history.
defeat was now inevitable.
But the Nazis, even as they withdrew, continued their slaughter.
Acting under Hitler's orders, they laid waste to all the areas they passed through
and killed civilians.
German armies left behind millions of dead bodies and survivors grieving for their relatives.
When the Allied armies reached Berlin, the downfall of Nazism was inevitable.
However, the Red Army troops which entered Berlin were representatives of another ideology of violence.
In the years to come, it became all too clear that Stalin's armies were no less cruel and violent than Hitler's.
About the same number of people came to perish in Stalin's camps.
In the areas they occupied, Stalin's soldiers committed massacres similar to the atrocities of Nazi soldiers.
The insanity known as World War II claimed the lives of 55 million people.
The world has borne witness to another satanic rite of bloodshed.
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However, God told the people to follow the way of peace and security, not evil.
O you who believe, enter absolutely into peace.
Do not follow in the footsteps of Satan.
He is an outright enemy to you.
The two world wars of the last century that we somehow lived through
offer important lessons for humanity.
Both of these tragedies showed that wars aren't merely a natural result of conflicts of interest
between countries, because such conflicts can be resolved through diplomatic means.
The real cause of war is the ideology of the people who make the decisions to pursue it.
This is the ideology that regards fighting, bloodshed, and inflicting suffering as elements of human nature.
This is the real cause of violence.
This ideology is called social Darwinism.
It is the belief that humans are a mere kind of animal that came into existence as a result of a string of coincidences.
World War I was the product of European leaders who openly expressed their Darwinist views.
Those responsible for world war II also had strong faith in social Darwinism.
Hitler borrowed this racist ideology and his faith in wars from Darwinism.
His biography, Mein Kampf, My Struggle, represents an adaptation of Darwin's struggle to survive.
In his early years when he was working as a journalist, Italian fascist leader Mussolini was such a committed evolutionist
that he even considered Darwin the greatest thinker of the 19th century.
During his dictatorship, he maintained the same ideology and claimed that the existence of war was a law of evolution.
Although trained as a priest during his youth, Stalin became an atheist after reading Darwin's Origin of Species.
During his violent rule, he imposed the theories of Darwin and Lamarck, an even more primitive evolutionist, on the Russian people.
For these dictators who saw humans as herds of animals, shedding blood was a mere biological process.
Behind the murders, we find the dictators' faith in social Darwinism.
There will be no peace on earth as long as social Darwinism continues to exist.
This ideology invites nations and even whole civilizations to continuous conflict.
According to social Darwinism, this is humanity's reason for existence.
The reality, on the other hand, is very different.
People exist not to fight with each other, but rather to serve God and lead their lives under His guidance.
This requires love, forgiveness, and peace.
When people come to realize this, there will be an end to war and tears, and peace and happiness will prevail.
This is revealed in the Qur'an.
God calls to the abode of peace, and He guides whom He wills to a straight path.
Believers should cooperate with each other in order to spread friendship, fellowship, and unity.
For if they do not, turmoil and corruption will always plague the world.
The Qur'an lays out this vitally important truth.
Those who disbelieve are the friends and protectors of one another.
If you do not act in this way, that is, protect each other,
there will be turmoil in the land and great corruption.
For more information, visit www.fema.gov.au