1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:14,000 Fossil Hunter 1 2 00:00:14,000 --> 00:00:15,420 Sea Cows 3 00:00:30,000 --> 00:00:52,260 Krtov is a small village in Silivke district. 4 00:00:53,120 --> 00:00:58,480 The green mountains and the hard-layered, rocky structure peculiar to Mircen can be seen here. 5 00:00:58,480 --> 00:01:02,480 There used to be a sea in central Anatolia in ancient times. 6 00:01:02,480 --> 00:01:08,480 That is why it is always possible to frequently encounter fossils of marine species here. 7 00:01:08,480 --> 00:01:16,480 Even without making any excavations, you can readily see fossils of marine crustaceans appearing just on the surface. 8 00:01:16,480 --> 00:01:20,480 These are marine crustaceans. 9 00:01:28,480 --> 00:01:30,480 This is the bottom of the layer. 10 00:01:30,480 --> 00:01:34,480 There is a layer on top of it, covering the layer and fossilizing what is inside. 11 00:01:34,480 --> 00:01:40,480 When the upper layer is open, we encounter the fossil of a bivalve crustacean. 12 00:01:40,480 --> 00:01:52,480 Let's break it and see what's inside. 13 00:01:52,480 --> 00:02:10,480 As you can see, the rock layers are of various colors. 14 00:02:10,480 --> 00:02:31,480 The minerals inside the rock, which harbors these fossils, have some very crystal structures. 15 00:02:31,480 --> 00:02:35,480 The age of a fossil is determined by examining these mineral structures. 16 00:02:35,480 --> 00:02:45,480 This is the most common method employed to determine the age of fossils. 17 00:02:45,480 --> 00:02:49,480 As you can see, Kurtel is mostly covered with small pieces of rock. 18 00:02:49,480 --> 00:02:54,480 The age of these pieces of rock can be up to 370 million years old. 19 00:02:54,480 --> 00:03:00,480 When you look at them, different rocks distinguish themselves with their distinct colors and patterns. 20 00:03:00,480 --> 00:03:19,480 Yes, this is the case with Kurtel. Fasten your seat belts. Our new destination is Yenisu. 21 00:03:19,480 --> 00:03:22,480 Fossils are mostly found in limestone layers on Earth. 22 00:03:22,480 --> 00:03:27,480 That is because the thickest and the most common layer of the Earth's stratum is limestone. 23 00:03:27,480 --> 00:03:32,480 As we can see here, this is the state of limestone that appears on the surface. 24 00:03:32,480 --> 00:03:36,480 We are now in Mersen and this is Yenisu village. 25 00:03:36,480 --> 00:03:40,480 It is already a village that is famous for its fossil finds. 26 00:03:40,480 --> 00:03:44,480 Let me show you here the content of the limestone. 27 00:03:44,480 --> 00:03:48,480 It is something like plaster. It is usually white. 28 00:03:48,480 --> 00:03:51,480 You know that plaster is a soft and easy to shape material. 29 00:03:51,480 --> 00:03:56,480 Limestone also has such traits and it is a multi-layered geological structure. 30 00:03:56,480 --> 00:04:06,480 Because it is almost like leaf sheets, creatures remain stuck between them and are easily fossilized. 31 00:04:06,480 --> 00:04:08,480 Let me show you the layers. 32 00:04:08,480 --> 00:04:11,480 The camera shows it right now. 33 00:04:11,480 --> 00:04:21,480 When I pull it like this, it separates as layers. 34 00:04:21,480 --> 00:04:26,480 For example, it is very easy to pull apart a large block of it. 35 00:04:26,480 --> 00:04:32,480 The living creatures stuck between these layers are easily fossilized. 36 00:04:32,480 --> 00:04:39,480 Here, many rocks rose to the surface. 37 00:04:39,480 --> 00:04:44,480 This is an interesting geological phenomenon here and it is not peculiar to this area alone. 38 00:04:44,480 --> 00:04:47,480 We will also see them ahead. 39 00:04:47,480 --> 00:04:52,480 As I will show you later, it looks as if stones poured down from the sky. 40 00:04:52,480 --> 00:04:55,480 You can see small pieces of rock everywhere. 41 00:04:55,480 --> 00:04:59,480 Not in the form of big rocks, but in small pieces of stones spread apart. 42 00:04:59,480 --> 00:05:03,480 Therefore, it is possible to find lots of fossils here. 43 00:05:03,480 --> 00:05:09,480 It is as if it rains stones everywhere. 44 00:05:09,480 --> 00:05:12,480 The land is full of large and small pieces of rock. 45 00:05:12,480 --> 00:05:15,480 It looks as if rocks spring up out of the earth. 46 00:05:15,480 --> 00:05:19,480 The appearance of limestone on the surface is also very interesting. 47 00:05:19,480 --> 00:05:25,480 Among them, you can frequently encounter carp and herring fossils dating back to 15 to 20 million years ago. 48 00:05:25,480 --> 00:05:30,480 That is why Yenisu is a very precious place for a fossil scientist. 49 00:05:45,480 --> 00:05:58,480 Sea cows, also known as sirenia in Latin, are an aquatic mammal species. 50 00:05:58,480 --> 00:06:01,480 Why are they called sea cows? 51 00:06:01,480 --> 00:06:04,480 Because they eat the green seaweed at the bottom of the sea. 52 00:06:04,480 --> 00:06:08,480 In other words, they resemble animals who feed on grass. 53 00:06:08,480 --> 00:06:11,480 That is why they are called sea cows. 54 00:06:11,480 --> 00:06:14,480 This fossil has a story. 55 00:06:14,480 --> 00:06:24,480 In 2013, a farmer from the village of Evren found this fossil while working in his own garden and he informed the authorities. 56 00:06:24,480 --> 00:06:30,480 As you can see, the structure of it, its bones, resemble a human skeleton. 57 00:06:30,480 --> 00:06:37,480 Assuming that it was a human skeleton, they called the constabulary. 58 00:06:37,480 --> 00:06:43,480 The examination of the skeleton revealed that it was a sea cow, a species known as sirenia. 59 00:06:43,480 --> 00:06:48,480 What is interesting is that there are no sea cows in the seas surrounding Turkey. 60 00:06:48,480 --> 00:06:51,480 This fossil is more than 20 million years old. 61 00:06:51,480 --> 00:06:55,480 In this respect, it is a very valuable fossil. 62 00:06:55,480 --> 00:07:08,480 This is the only sample in Turkey, which is displayed here in Mersin Silivke. 63 00:07:08,480 --> 00:07:12,480 Many studies conducted on this fossil revealed various data regarding this species. 64 00:07:12,480 --> 00:07:30,480 The sirenia, commonly referred to as sea cows, are herbivorous mammals that comprise the family's dugungaidae. 65 00:07:30,480 --> 00:07:32,480 The length of its spine is 71 cm. 66 00:07:32,480 --> 00:07:33,480 The morphological characteristics of this fossil are as follows. 67 00:07:33,480 --> 00:07:50,480 The width of its vertebrae is 7-12 cm and the height is 5.5-8 cm among the fossil findings. 68 00:07:50,480 --> 00:07:54,480 Among the fossil findings, 10 ribs were found as you can see. 69 00:07:54,480 --> 00:07:55,480 Take a closer look. 70 00:07:55,480 --> 00:07:57,480 There are 10 vertebrae. 71 00:07:57,480 --> 00:08:03,480 I mean, we can see 10 vertebrae here when we count the vertebrae from top to bottom. 72 00:08:03,480 --> 00:08:05,480 The length of the spine is 71 cm. 73 00:08:05,480 --> 00:08:15,480 That is, from front to back, if the spine remained intact, this living creature would have had a spine of exactly 71 cm long. 74 00:08:15,480 --> 00:08:18,480 The width of the vertebrae ranges from 7-12 cm. 75 00:08:18,480 --> 00:08:21,480 In other words, the vertebrae here. 76 00:08:21,480 --> 00:08:36,480 The vertebrae in this area vary in width from 7-12 cm. 77 00:08:36,480 --> 00:08:44,480 The height of these vertebrae is up to 5 cm for some and 8 cm for others. 78 00:08:44,480 --> 00:08:47,480 On the edge of the fins, there are 15 cm long structures. 79 00:08:47,480 --> 00:08:48,480 This is what a technique of the vertebrae is. 80 00:08:48,480 --> 00:08:49,480 The width of the vertebrae ranges from 7-12 cm. 81 00:08:49,480 --> 00:08:50,480 In other words, the vertebrae here. 82 00:08:50,480 --> 00:08:59,480 The vertebrae in this area vary in width from 7-12 cm. 83 00:08:59,480 --> 00:09:09,480 The height of these vertebrae is up to 5 cm for some and 8 cm for others. 84 00:09:09,480 --> 00:09:13,480 On the edge of the fins, there are 15 cm long structures. 85 00:09:13,480 --> 00:09:19,480 This is what a technical examination of the sea cow fossil reveals to us. 86 00:09:19,480 --> 00:09:28,480 Here is the sea cow fossil. 87 00:09:28,480 --> 00:09:40,480 Sea cows, which have a pregnancy period of 12-14 months, are actually mammals. 88 00:09:40,480 --> 00:09:43,480 As you know, mammals live on land. 89 00:09:43,480 --> 00:09:48,480 But there are a few species of mammals living in the sea, like sea cows. 90 00:09:48,480 --> 00:09:56,480 But mammals, especially marine mammals, constitute a major problem for the theory of evolution. 91 00:09:56,480 --> 00:10:06,480 The earth is full of fossils. 92 00:10:06,480 --> 00:10:16,480 There may be billions of fossils resting among the earth's layers and hundreds of millions of them have already been unearthed. 93 00:10:16,480 --> 00:10:25,480 The limestone layer is the type of layer from which one can unearth fossils the easiest. 94 00:10:25,480 --> 00:10:34,480 Once one digs a little deeper here, myriad marine animal fossils can be found here. 95 00:10:34,480 --> 00:10:38,480 The subject of this episode is a sea cow fossil, which is a sea mammal, 96 00:10:38,480 --> 00:10:43,480 which constitutes a major problem for the theory of evolution, as we said earlier, 97 00:10:43,480 --> 00:10:49,480 because with their body structure and their circulatory system, mammals are warm-blooded. 98 00:10:49,480 --> 00:10:53,480 That is to say, they can maintain a stable internal body temperature. 99 00:10:53,480 --> 00:11:02,480 When it's cold, they can keep their body warm to a certain extent, while they cool their internal body temperatures to a certain point by sweating when it is hot. 100 00:11:02,480 --> 00:11:07,480 So, living beings with this feature are known to be warm-blooded animal species. 101 00:11:07,480 --> 00:11:14,480 However, fish that live in the sea are cold-blooded, which means they can't maintain a stable body temperature. 102 00:11:14,480 --> 00:11:23,480 For this reason, they can only survive at certain depths, seasons, and at certain locations, such as some terrestrial reptile species. 103 00:11:23,480 --> 00:11:27,480 This trait of mammals is only possessed by mammals and birds. 104 00:11:27,480 --> 00:11:34,480 In the case of a sea cow, we speak of a marine species, which is both a mammal and capable of living in the sea. 105 00:11:34,480 --> 00:11:36,480 How is this possible? 106 00:11:36,480 --> 00:11:39,480 Some people say fish started to live on land. 107 00:11:39,480 --> 00:11:43,480 Now, does this mean that a terrestrial living being returned to the sea? 108 00:11:43,480 --> 00:11:47,480 This constitutes a huge contradiction for the theory of evolution. 109 00:11:47,480 --> 00:11:48,480 It can never be explained. 110 00:11:48,480 --> 00:11:52,480 If you consider it with common sense, examine it technically. 111 00:11:52,480 --> 00:11:53,480 Do scientific research. 112 00:11:53,480 --> 00:11:55,480 Examine its DNA. 113 00:11:55,480 --> 00:11:57,480 Look inside its molecular structure. 114 00:11:57,480 --> 00:12:06,480 No matter which aspect you consider, it is clear that the sea cow, and that mammals in general, deal a major blow to the theory of evolution. 115 00:12:27,480 --> 00:12:29,480 Is there anything that they talk about themselves, as it is? 116 00:12:29,480 --> 00:12:33,480 Theiratt Gilliaman has been traced. 117 00:12:33,480 --> 00:12:56,540 Looks like it does 118 00:12:56,540 --> 00:13:26,520 We'll be right back. 119 00:13:26,540 --> 00:13:56,520 We'll be right back.