WEBVTT 00:00.000 --> 00:29.980 Thank you 00:30.000 --> 00:51.780 How did life begin? 01:00.000 --> 01:25.560 Hello, did you know that there are about 3 million different species living in the world 01:25.560 --> 01:28.600 right now? 01:28.600 --> 01:33.260 These have different characteristics, different appearances, and most of the time, different 01:33.260 --> 01:38.280 systems and functions. 01:38.280 --> 01:40.840 They also have diverse characteristics. 01:40.840 --> 01:45.360 Some fly, some live underwater, some are single-celled organisms. 01:45.360 --> 01:50.220 Some others, such as plants, do not move at all during their lifetime, but they all have 01:50.220 --> 01:51.920 a common feature. 01:51.920 --> 01:54.700 They are alive. 01:54.700 --> 02:00.200 Did you ever think how these beings came to exist on Earth? 02:00.200 --> 02:05.080 How the basic elements and the body of each organism came together? 02:05.080 --> 02:11.600 According to the scientists, there are 114 elements in the periodic table and we have almost half 02:11.600 --> 02:13.360 of them in our bodies. 02:13.360 --> 02:18.020 These elements are completely inanimate outside the body. 02:18.020 --> 02:22.680 How can they start to display the most intelligent and conscious behaviors on Earth once they 02:22.680 --> 02:32.680 enter the cell? 02:32.680 --> 02:38.220 An organism is a system where elements come together in a systematic manner to build the 02:38.220 --> 02:40.340 organs that work in harmony. 02:40.340 --> 02:46.180 In other words, life is, in fact, inanimate matter coming together and forming a perfectly 02:46.180 --> 02:47.340 functioning organism. 02:47.340 --> 02:53.300 However, like the impossibility of blocks of stone coming together and forming an organism, it is 02:53.300 --> 02:59.100 impossible for lifeless atoms to come together on their own and form living beings. 02:59.100 --> 03:05.500 Clearly, only God, with His superior might and intelligence, can turn lifeless matter into 03:05.500 --> 03:07.220 a living being. 03:07.220 --> 03:10.380 In other words, life can only be created. 03:10.380 --> 03:16.380 The miracle we witness here is nothing more than God bringing forth the living from the dead. 03:16.380 --> 03:22.260 I seek refuge in God from Satan. 03:22.260 --> 03:25.200 God is He who splits the seed and kernel. 03:25.200 --> 03:30.160 He brings forth the living from the dead and produces the dead out of the living. 03:30.160 --> 03:31.460 That is God. 03:31.460 --> 03:33.000 So how are you perverted? 03:46.380 --> 03:56.320 The origin of life has always been a source of frustration for those who subscribe to the 03:56.320 --> 04:02.800 materialist ideology because every living being is actually made up of lifeless atoms and acts 04:02.800 --> 04:07.260 like a living thing because God makes them. 04:07.260 --> 04:19.320 The number of elements present in the world is slightly above 100, as shown in the periodic 04:19.320 --> 04:20.500 table. 04:20.500 --> 04:24.740 The physical differences between them are due to the differences in the number of electrons 04:24.740 --> 04:27.140 and protons they possess. 04:27.140 --> 04:31.920 Different numbers of electrons and protons cause atoms to have completely different properties, 04:31.920 --> 04:35.000 but an atom does not have a mind of its own. 04:35.000 --> 04:41.300 The electrons, protons and subatomic particles do not have a will or a power of their own. 04:41.300 --> 04:45.420 God builds the whole physical world with metaphysical power. 04:45.420 --> 04:53.100 Space, Earth, atoms and living beings can continue their existence every second only because God creates 04:53.100 --> 05:13.540 them every second. 05:13.540 --> 05:19.280 The first requirement for life is the harmonious movement of the molecules inside the body. 05:19.280 --> 05:24.860 Otherwise there would be disorder, and without order, life would be impossible. 05:24.860 --> 05:31.420 By harmonious action, I mean a complete harmony in physical and particularly in chemical laws, 05:31.420 --> 05:36.840 God has created a myriad of laws that pervade throughout the universe, and all atoms act according 05:36.840 --> 05:38.400 to these laws. 05:38.400 --> 05:43.520 That is why you cannot see any structure in the universe that is idle or disorderly. 05:43.520 --> 05:50.520 God reveals in a verse, 05:50.520 --> 05:56.580 He who created the seven heavens in layers, you will not find any flaw in the creation 05:56.580 --> 05:58.160 of the all-merciful. 05:58.160 --> 06:08.460 Look again, do you see any gaps? 06:08.460 --> 06:14.000 Now to begin understanding life, let's first take a look at the smallest unit of life, 06:14.000 --> 06:15.500 the cell. 06:15.500 --> 06:20.340 As you know, bacteria are made up of only one cell and represent the biggest population 06:20.340 --> 06:25.220 of organisms on earth. 06:25.220 --> 06:30.040 In fact, in my body alone, there are almost 10 trillion bacteria. 06:30.040 --> 06:34.340 The first thing a bacterium needs to survive is to be able to keep its components from 06:34.340 --> 06:35.580 floating away. 06:35.580 --> 06:40.540 For this reason, God created the cell membrane, which is the most essential structure that 06:40.540 --> 06:42.800 a bacteria needs. 06:42.800 --> 06:45.880 For example, let's think of a glass filled with water. 06:45.880 --> 06:51.780 If you turn the glass upside down without using a lid, the entire liquid in it will flow out. 06:51.780 --> 06:56.820 This is how a bacterium is, if the bacterium did not have a cell membrane, all the vital 06:56.820 --> 07:12.780 substances it contains would spill out. 07:12.780 --> 07:18.060 The most basic unit of living beings is the cell, and the door between the outer world and 07:18.060 --> 07:20.500 the cell is its membrane. 07:20.500 --> 07:24.660 The most important function of this structure is to prevent the negative conditions of the 07:24.660 --> 07:30.320 outside world from damaging the sensitive molecules inside the cell, and to enable the 07:30.320 --> 07:38.580 selective exchange of substances between intracellular and extracellular environments. 07:38.580 --> 07:40.860 Yes, the goal is quite simple. 07:40.860 --> 07:45.960 The function of a cell membrane is to prevent an uncontrolled outflow of the substances inside 07:45.960 --> 07:48.440 the cell, like the walls of a house. 07:48.440 --> 07:53.400 At the same time, it also prevents random substances from entering the cell. 07:53.400 --> 07:58.800 However, this structure is definitely not simple, and as we look deeper into the details, an 07:58.800 --> 08:00.400 astonishing world greets us. 08:00.400 --> 08:05.560 The molecular structure of the cell membrane is very complex. 08:05.560 --> 08:11.020 It spots the right substances the cell needs from among hundreds of different chemical substances 08:11.020 --> 08:13.740 and allows only those to enter. 08:13.740 --> 08:19.820 For this purpose, it uses various methods, based on the sizes of the substances to be imported. 08:19.820 --> 08:24.340 The substances allowed to pass through the cell membrane include small molecules such as 08:24.340 --> 08:31.820 electrons, photons, ions, and water, medium-sized molecules, such as amino acids and sugars, 08:31.820 --> 08:43.060 sometimes large molecules, such as proteins and RNA, which require specific methods for their transfer. 08:43.060 --> 08:48.720 The cell membrane allows the small molecules it needs to be filtered through the cell membrane. 08:48.720 --> 08:53.660 Some molecules pass through the protein channels embedded in the cell membrane, while others 08:53.660 --> 08:57.420 can pass only with the help of a carrier protein. 08:57.420 --> 09:02.480 When the protein contacts the molecule to be taken inside the cell, the shape of the protein 09:02.480 --> 09:06.640 changes, allowing the molecule to pass through the cell membrane. 09:06.640 --> 09:12.720 Each protein in the protein channel has a unique amino acid sequence and size. 09:12.720 --> 09:17.520 Cell membrane proteins know which substances they should carry, and they are meticulous about 09:17.520 --> 09:18.520 their job. 09:18.520 --> 09:23.660 For example, the system that carries sugar will not carry amino acids. 09:23.660 --> 09:28.720 The carrier proteins distinguish between the two molecules based on their forms and atomic 09:28.720 --> 09:29.720 numbers. 09:29.720 --> 09:34.720 For example, if there is the slightest change in the geometrical shape of a molecule, despite 09:34.720 --> 09:39.140 having the same atomic number and chemical group with another molecule, the carrier system 09:39.140 --> 09:44.740 will detect it immediately and will not carry that molecule. 09:44.740 --> 09:51.060 The nucleus of the human cell also has a membrane around it and boasts a very unique structure. 09:51.060 --> 09:56.280 This place is given an extra protection, with a separate membrane, because the DNA is kept 09:56.280 --> 09:57.440 here. 09:57.440 --> 10:02.560 The DNA contains all the information necessary for the survival of the human body, and this 10:02.560 --> 10:05.780 valuable treasure is carefully protected. 10:05.780 --> 10:11.280 Only the molecules needed for the DNA and protein synthesis are allowed to pass through the nucleus 10:11.280 --> 10:12.840 membrane. 10:12.840 --> 10:16.720 At this point, scientists discovered an amazing miracle. 10:16.720 --> 10:22.520 The pores responsible for the passage of substances through the nucleus membrane recognize proteins 10:22.520 --> 10:27.040 to be allowed in from their specific amino acid sequences. 10:27.040 --> 10:32.720 Neither the structure nor the size of the protein that will pass through the membrane is significant. 10:32.720 --> 10:41.560 For the nucleus membrane, what is important is this special sequence, that is, lysine-lysine-lysine-arginine-lysine. 10:41.560 --> 10:47.020 If it is the right sequence, the pore will be enlarged to allow the passage. 10:47.020 --> 10:51.720 Scientists have yet to unravel the mystery of how the pores know about the size of the proteins 10:51.720 --> 10:54.160 without knowing their structure. 10:54.160 --> 10:58.960 The cell membrane alone shows the vastness of the information needed in the cell. 10:58.960 --> 11:03.620 It is obviously not possible for this wonderful structure to come into existence as a result 11:03.620 --> 11:09.240 of random combination of lifeless materials such as stone, soil, or water that are completely 11:09.240 --> 11:11.540 unconscious and have no knowledge. 11:11.540 --> 11:17.760 The most basic elements in a living organism are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, because 11:17.760 --> 11:26.900 they make up the proteins, which are the building blocks of life. 11:26.900 --> 11:30.620 Every process in the body requires the use of proteins. 11:30.620 --> 11:33.820 Proteins are needed every second in every cell. 11:33.820 --> 11:38.840 For this reason, there should be non-stop protein production in the body, and this production 11:38.840 --> 11:41.540 starts in the DNA. 11:41.540 --> 11:53.580 DNA has all the knowledge necessary to produce all the proteins that may be needed in the body. 11:53.580 --> 11:58.000 In the world of organisms, the information is stored in the DNA. 11:58.000 --> 12:03.620 DNA is short for deoxyribonucleic acid, the shape of which we were finally able to observe 12:03.620 --> 12:05.740 in 1950. 12:05.740 --> 12:10.340 DNA is a flawless data bank located in the nucleus, and has the blueprint for each of 12:10.340 --> 12:12.580 the reactions necessary for life. 12:12.580 --> 12:19.000 Yeah, the amount of information found in DNA is extremely vast. 12:19.000 --> 12:25.580 It's much greater than even the most expansive volumes of an encyclopedia. 12:25.580 --> 12:32.000 It's just mind-boggling to think about the information content in DNA. 12:32.000 --> 12:37.580 What's even more remarkable to me is the way in which the cell's machinery manipulates 12:37.580 --> 12:38.580 that DNA. 12:38.580 --> 12:44.580 DNA information is digital in nature, and in fact, the cell manipulates that DNA in the 12:44.580 --> 12:51.580 same way that the computer system manipulates a digital incarnation. 12:51.580 --> 12:59.580 And that similarity can even point to the work of an eye. 12:59.580 --> 13:02.580 It is as if DNA knows everything in advance. 13:02.580 --> 13:07.580 In truth, what we see in the form of DNA codes is part of God's knowledge. 13:07.580 --> 13:10.580 Now let's see what DNA and proteins mean. 13:10.580 --> 13:14.580 You know, one of the things that I think is really interesting is, when you think about 13:14.580 --> 13:21.580 the way in which proteins are produced in cells, it literally is like a factory operation, 13:21.580 --> 13:27.580 where you have the making instructions housed in the DNA, and those instructions are copied 13:27.580 --> 13:32.580 and you're carried to the actual assembly rod, which is the ribosome, and those instructions 13:32.580 --> 13:36.580 are used to build proteins bit by bit. 13:36.580 --> 13:41.580 But in addition to that, there's actually quality control systems that are checking that 13:41.580 --> 13:45.580 process from beginning to end to make sure that no mistakes happen. 13:45.580 --> 13:50.580 And if they do happen, to either eliminate the defective product or to correct it so that 13:50.580 --> 13:55.580 it can still be used for the cell's purposes. 13:55.580 --> 14:02.580 And that similarity between a manufacturing operation and the way in which the cell assembles 14:02.580 --> 14:08.580 proteins, to me, suggests that there is a mind that is undergirding life itself. 14:12.580 --> 14:19.580 The entire information of life is encoded in the DNA, and the nano-sized machines produced 14:19.580 --> 14:23.580 according to the information in the DNA are called the proteins. 14:23.580 --> 14:28.580 The production, that is the protein synthesis, involves very sensitive and complex steps. 14:28.580 --> 14:33.580 In fact, it is similar to the production process in a factory. 14:33.580 --> 14:36.580 Now, let's see how this factory works. 14:53.580 --> 15:13.580 The cell, the basic building block of all living beings. 15:13.580 --> 15:16.580 And this is the nucleus of a cell. 15:16.580 --> 15:20.580 The nucleus contains all the genetic information pertaining to our bodies. 15:20.580 --> 15:24.580 Genetic information is stored in 23 pairs of chromosomes. 15:24.580 --> 15:31.580 Each chromosome contains a long DNA strand, which is packed tightly around proteins called histones. 15:31.580 --> 15:36.580 DNA contains gene segments, where the instructions needed to make proteins are kept. 15:36.580 --> 15:41.580 When a protein is needed in any of the approximately 100 trillion cells in the body, 15:41.580 --> 15:46.580 a signal is sent to the DNA via hormones. 15:46.580 --> 15:54.580 After that, an enzyme named RNA polymerase steps in to retrieve from DNA the information to be used for the protein. 15:54.580 --> 16:12.580 However, this is no easy feat, as finding the right code needed to produce a certain protein among the huge database of DNA is similar to finding a single page in a 1,000 volume encyclopedia. 16:12.580 --> 16:22.580 However, the enzymes very rapidly read the information in the DNA from the beginning to the end and find the code quickly without making any mistakes. 16:22.580 --> 16:26.580 Only the relevant part of the DNA will be unfolded. 16:26.580 --> 16:32.580 The enzymes will keep the relevant part of the strand unfolded, while the remaining sections remain in their folded form. 16:32.580 --> 16:46.580 RNA polymerase attaches itself to the starting point of this gene that contains the code and travels through the DNA and forms the messenger RNA using the bases that are freely circulating in the nucleus. 16:46.580 --> 16:53.580 The code in the DNA determines the order in which these free circulating bases are added to the messenger RNA. 16:53.580 --> 16:58.580 Messenger RNA now has a genuine copy of the necessary gene. 16:58.580 --> 17:04.580 Messenger RNA must go through a process before it can be used as a template for the protein production. 17:04.580 --> 17:09.580 In this process, some parts of the RNA are removed and spliced together. 17:09.580 --> 17:15.580 Now, it has received all the necessary information, no less, no more. 17:15.580 --> 17:24.580 With this important information, the messenger RNA is ready for the factory, that is, the ribosome, in which the proteins will be produced. 17:24.580 --> 17:29.580 The messenger RNA is now ready to leave the nucleus with its valuable cargo. 17:29.580 --> 17:33.580 However, there are gatekeepers waiting at the gate of the nucleus. 17:33.580 --> 17:37.580 They decide what goes into the nucleus and what doesn't, and open the gates accordingly. 17:37.580 --> 17:42.580 However, for the messenger RNA, the gates will always be opened. 17:42.580 --> 17:49.580 With the information it copied from the DNA, the messenger RNA goes straight to the ribosome and never gets lost. 17:49.580 --> 17:54.580 Ribosome is the factory that produces the new proteins. 17:54.580 --> 18:02.580 The messenger RNA binds to the relevant part of the ribosome and preparations begin for the production of the new protein. 18:02.580 --> 18:11.580 The ribosome, in other words the factory, needs raw materials to start production based on the information brought in by the messenger RNA. 18:11.580 --> 18:21.580 These raw materials are amino acids, which can be in 20 different forms in living beings. 18:21.580 --> 18:38.580 The ribosome knows what amino acids correspond to the letters sent by the DNA and allows only the correct amino acids to enter. 18:38.580 --> 18:47.580 It takes the ribosome only 4.5 nanoseconds, which is 4.5 billionth of a second, to identify an incoming amino acid. 18:47.580 --> 18:54.580 The technology and intelligence displayed by organelles, which are only one hundred thousandth of a millimeter, is spectacular. 18:54.580 --> 19:01.580 Thinking or even imagining that these details could come about by chance is obviously very illogical. 19:01.580 --> 19:08.580 Transfer RNA brings the raw materials and positions them according to the code. 19:08.580 --> 19:14.580 The instructions that contain the information for the production of the protein have arrived from the DNA. 19:14.580 --> 19:17.580 However, there is a problem that needs to be solved. 19:17.580 --> 19:23.580 The written instructions on the order slip are in the DNA, which is written in a special four-letter alphabet. 19:23.580 --> 19:30.580 The language of the proteins to be produced is completely different and consists of 20 different amino acids. 19:30.580 --> 19:33.580 In other words, it has a 20-letter alphabet. 19:33.580 --> 19:37.580 The conversion of this language difference is called translation. 19:37.580 --> 19:41.580 Ribosome performs this translation between the two languages. 19:41.580 --> 19:51.580 Called the codon-anticodon method, this translation system works much better than the most advanced computer centers around the world today. 19:51.580 --> 19:57.580 It acts like a professional translator expert in both languages. 19:57.580 --> 20:03.580 The messenger RNA that previously arrived at the ribosome, carrying the information for the protein production, 20:03.580 --> 20:10.580 and the transfer RNA, carrying the amino acid at its one end, find each other like a key and a lock. 20:10.580 --> 20:19.580 Within a very short period of time, the information written in the four-letter alphabet of DNA is translated into protein language. 20:19.580 --> 20:25.580 Amino acids attached to the upper end of the transfer RNA form an astonishing protein chain, 20:25.580 --> 20:31.580 each consisting of at least 100 amino acids. 20:31.580 --> 20:34.580 In order for the translation to function in the best way possible, 20:34.580 --> 20:38.580 the ribosome enlists the help of over 100 assisting molecules, 20:38.580 --> 20:42.580 each of which works in concert with one another. 20:42.580 --> 20:54.580 Protein synthesis is actually a translation process from one language to another. 20:54.580 --> 20:59.580 As you can see, our genetic information is translated from the language of DNA to the language of protein, 20:59.580 --> 21:03.580 and the translation is done by an organelle called the ribosome. 21:03.580 --> 21:12.580 Here, the amino acids are linked by special chemical bonds called peptide bonds, which are among the strongest bonds. 21:12.580 --> 21:18.580 For this reason, proteins are sturdy and are not easily damaged by external effects. 21:18.580 --> 21:26.580 After the new protein chain is formed, the chain assumes its unique three-dimensional shape through a series of folding moves. 21:26.580 --> 21:30.580 This three-dimensional shape will determine the quality of the protein. 21:30.580 --> 21:38.580 This shape is so important that the protein would be useless if this unique shape was not fashioned, even if the sequence was correct. 21:38.580 --> 21:45.580 With the formation of the special three-dimensional shape, the process is now complete and new protein is formed. 21:45.580 --> 21:52.580 When the new protein emerges from this special compartment, an enzyme on duty arrives at the scene. 21:52.580 --> 21:58.580 It picks up the resulting protein and takes it to its destination where it is needed. 22:04.580 --> 22:11.580 You know, when it comes to protein synthesis, you have what I would call the queen mother of all chicken and egg problems. 22:11.580 --> 22:16.580 Because in order for proteins to be made, you have to have protein in place. 22:16.580 --> 22:23.580 Proteins are reading the information in DNA so that those instructions can be copied by the cell. 22:23.580 --> 22:27.580 Those instructions are carried by proteins to the ribosome. 22:27.580 --> 22:34.580 At the ribosome, which is made up of a large number of proteins, there are proteins that are assembling proteins in cells. 22:34.580 --> 22:39.580 And in fact, even when proteins begin to fold after their production, 22:39.580 --> 22:42.580 it's proteins that are helping the proteins to fold. 22:42.580 --> 22:45.580 So you can't have proteins without proteins. 22:45.580 --> 22:50.580 But the problem is even more severe for an evolutionary paradigm. 22:50.580 --> 22:59.580 Because if you are starting off with proteins that are less efficient, that quote unquote evolved to be more efficient, 22:59.580 --> 23:01.580 that scenario could never work. 23:01.580 --> 23:02.580 Why? 23:02.580 --> 23:09.580 Because if you have inefficient, less effective proteins functioning, they're going to be producing defective proteins, 23:09.580 --> 23:14.580 which means in turn, the proteins that make proteins are going to become more defective. 23:14.580 --> 23:23.580 And when that happens, you have something that spirals out of control and is an effective death spiral for protein synthesis. 23:23.580 --> 23:30.580 So there's no way to envision how something like protein synthesis could evolve because of the chicken and egg nature of that. 23:38.580 --> 23:48.580 Right. So protein synthesis is actually a fairly complex series of events that occur within the cell at an incredibly fast rate. 23:48.580 --> 24:01.580 It involves multiple proteins that are necessary to transcribe the DNA into RNA and then additional proteins that are required to translate the RNA into proteins. 24:01.580 --> 24:13.580 So protein synthesis actually requires both DNA proteins and RNA, as well as transfer RNAs and ribosomal RNAs, 24:13.580 --> 24:18.580 the latter of which also include different protein subunits. 24:18.580 --> 24:26.580 So it's quite impossible to get proteins without proteins already being in existence. 24:30.580 --> 24:40.580 The process of protein synthesis, which we tried to summarize briefly, takes place 2,000 times every second in every cell. 24:40.580 --> 24:44.580 All the units involved in the process are very well aware what they need to do. 24:45.580 --> 24:48.580 Not even a single enzyme gets confused about its goal. 24:49.580 --> 24:51.580 There's never a faulty production in the factory. 24:52.580 --> 24:55.580 The unique folding shape of the new protein chain is never wrong. 24:56.580 --> 24:58.580 The carriers and messengers never lose their way. 24:59.580 --> 25:04.580 The cell is always aware of the importance and sensitivity of this special production. 25:04.580 --> 25:11.580 It is aware because Almighty God inspires every component inside the cell what to do. 25:11.580 --> 25:22.580 Each enzyme, each amino acid, every atom that makes them up is the manifestation of the supreme power, endless knowledge and the superior intelligence of God. 25:22.580 --> 25:32.580 Everything submits to God, who is the owner and ruler of all the worlds, who is everywhere and surrounds everything at all times. 25:33.580 --> 25:37.580 Everything is in His knowledge and everything has surrendered to Him. 25:37.580 --> 25:44.580 It is indeed very easy for all-merciful God to create all these amazing wonders out of nothing. 25:45.580 --> 25:51.580 It is not possible to explain such a complex system like protein synthesis with an evolutionary mechanism. 25:52.580 --> 26:00.580 Evolutionists are also aware that it is impossible for the protein molecule to come into existence by itself through a series of coincidences. 26:00.580 --> 26:09.580 The theory of evolution cannot explain how a single amino acid initially came into existence, let alone a protein molecule. 26:10.580 --> 26:15.580 Evolutionists have conducted many experiments in their attempts to explain the origin of life. 26:16.580 --> 26:22.580 The Miller-Urey experiment, which was conducted in 1953 and is their most respected study, is one of those efforts. 26:22.580 --> 26:37.580 With the experiment, these two biochemists hoped to be able to discover a finding that could suggest that the amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins, could have coincidentally formed in the lifeless world billions of years ago. 26:38.580 --> 26:45.580 However, the experiment did not correctly mimic the atmospheric conditions and required plenty of external intervention. 26:45.580 --> 26:48.580 The result was the right-handed amino acids. 26:49.580 --> 26:52.580 However, organisms do not use right-handed amino acids. 26:53.580 --> 26:55.580 Nevertheless, the experiment revealed one truth. 26:56.580 --> 27:05.580 Amino acids could be obtained only in a laboratory environment, the conditions of which are specially arranged and through intentional intervention. 27:06.580 --> 27:12.580 Even the smallest protein molecule boasts incredible features, fascinating mechanisms and properties. 27:12.580 --> 27:20.580 It is impossible for lifeless atoms to organize themselves to form such perfect structures through coincidences. 27:21.580 --> 27:26.580 In other words, the power that gave rise to life was not unconscious coincidences. 27:27.580 --> 27:28.580 It was the creation. 27:29.580 --> 27:36.580 With the Miller experiment, evolutionists, in fact, refuted the theory of evolution with their own hands. 27:36.580 --> 27:39.580 Proteins are everything for living organisms. 27:40.580 --> 27:42.580 Almost half of your dry weight is proteins. 27:43.580 --> 27:55.580 For example, in an 80-kilogram human, if we assume that 60% of the body is water, we can say that the half of the remaining 32 kilograms, that is, 16 kilograms of his body, is pure protein molecule. 27:56.580 --> 27:57.580 So why are there so many proteins in living beings? 27:58.580 --> 27:59.580 What makes proteins so important? 28:00.580 --> 28:14.580 Every activity you carry out in your daily life is actually made possible by the biological machines called proteins at the size of one millionth of a millimeter. 28:15.580 --> 28:17.580 The word protein usually brings a healthy diet to mind. 28:18.580 --> 28:24.580 Most people have heard that a person needs sufficient amounts of protein for a healthy body, but they don't know much more than that. 28:24.580 --> 28:29.580 However, proteins are miraculous molecules that show us important facts. 28:30.580 --> 28:38.580 These giant molecules, formed by the arrangement of amino acids according to a specific plan, show us the true greatness of creation. 28:38.580 --> 28:52.580 For example, the material called keratin, which makes up the hard structure found in the hair and nails, is a protein. 28:53.580 --> 28:59.580 Some other proteins form a strong elastic substance found in tendons that connect muscles to the bones. 29:00.580 --> 29:06.580 The material that gives the skin its smooth elasticity and the bones their durable structure is another protein called collagen. 29:06.580 --> 29:11.580 The rubber-like elastic material surrounding the arteries is another protein. 29:12.580 --> 29:22.580 The name of the protein that initiates the process of seeing when the light hits the retina is rhodopsin, while the transparent proteins that form the lens in the eye are called crystalline. 29:23.580 --> 29:30.580 Special carrier proteins are also involved in the entry and exit of molecules into and out of the cells. 29:30.580 --> 29:40.580 The DNA molecule which stores the entire knowledge of life cannot be copied, cannot produce information or enable cell division without the help of proteins. 29:41.580 --> 29:48.580 In other words, proteins carry out a variety of tasks, both in the structure and the numerous functions of the cell. 29:49.580 --> 29:58.580 For example, enzymes are also proteins and act as catalysts that increase the speed of chemical reactions in the cell by billions of times. 29:58.580 --> 30:02.580 Working in teams, they build all the chemical parts of the cell. 30:03.580 --> 30:08.580 In addition to their ability to build, they also have the ability to decompose compounds. 30:09.580 --> 30:13.580 They are able to break down the large molecules into simple compounds usable by the cell. 30:14.580 --> 30:16.580 In other words, they perform digestion. 30:17.580 --> 30:21.580 They are also responsible for reactions that generate energy for the cell. 30:21.580 --> 30:25.580 The molecules that enable muscle contraction are also proteins. 30:26.580 --> 30:29.580 Simply stated, life would not be possible without proteins. 30:30.580 --> 30:38.580 Proteins have functions in every process in the body, from the nervous system, the digestive system, and the endocrine system, to cell division. 30:38.580 --> 30:46.580 A complete cell is needed for a protein to be produced. 30:47.580 --> 30:51.580 It is impossible for a cell to come into being gradually, as evolutionists used to claim. 30:52.580 --> 30:55.580 It is either all or none, when it comes to proteins. 30:56.580 --> 30:59.580 It is again the proteins that build the proteins from scratch. 30:59.580 --> 31:04.580 In other words, not only do they undertake every task in the body, they also produce proteins. 31:05.580 --> 31:08.580 So protein synthesis is a job that can be done only by proteins. 31:09.580 --> 31:12.580 A total of 4,500 proteins are involved in the process of protein synthesis. 31:15.580 --> 31:19.580 Throughout the process of protein synthesis, the presence of a myriad of proteins is necessary. 31:19.580 --> 31:28.580 Molecular biologists have carried out numerous experiments to see if it was possible for the proteins to form through coincidences. 31:29.580 --> 31:36.580 Among these are famous scientists such as Harold Morwitz, Fred Hoyle, Ilya Prigogine, Hubert Yaki, and Robert Sauer. 31:37.580 --> 31:47.580 Despite the fact that they are evolutionist scientists, the conclusion they reached is that it is not possible for proteins to have come into existence through coincidences. 31:47.580 --> 31:53.580 In order for proteins to be produced, other proteins need to be ready at the scene to help this production. 31:54.580 --> 31:57.580 Because the things that synthesize proteins are again, proteins. 31:58.580 --> 32:03.580 In that case, proteins cannot exist without other proteins that existed before them. 32:04.580 --> 32:11.580 This proves the fact of creation, and that proteins were created at once, and without any gradual steps. 32:11.580 --> 32:23.580 Now, let us briefly summarize why other proteins must be present in order for a single protein to be formed, and see the properties of the amino acid chains that make up the proteins. 32:23.580 --> 32:33.580 1. Of the over 200 amino acids found naturally or artificially in the world, only 20 can be used for protein production. 32:34.580 --> 32:41.580 Therefore, the right 20 must be picked and set aside from among the 200 varieties of amino acid. 32:41.580 --> 32:47.580 2. Some amino acids are right-handed, some are left-handed. 32:48.580 --> 32:51.580 The selected amino acids must be left-handed and never right-handed. 32:52.580 --> 32:58.580 This is because in nature, only left-handed amino acids can be used for protein synthesis in organisms. 32:59.580 --> 33:06.580 3. Amino acids should not only be left-handed, but also they have to be in the right sequence. 33:06.580 --> 33:13.580 4. Every process necessary for protein synthesis that we briefly summarized requires a protein. 33:14.580 --> 33:23.580 For the process of copying the relevant information from the DNA, and for hundreds of different processes, the relevant proteins need to be available. 33:24.580 --> 33:30.580 5. To synthesize the copied information, the cell organelle called ribosome is required. 33:30.580 --> 33:35.580 The ribosome contains ribosomal proteins and ribosomal RNA. 33:36.580 --> 33:41.580 In other words, proteins must be readily available for the ribosome itself to exist. 33:42.580 --> 33:50.580 6. There is also a special section in the ribosome that binds the amino acids, and it is called peptidyl transferase. 33:51.580 --> 33:53.580 This section is isolated from outside. 33:54.580 --> 33:58.580 This is a hydrophobic environment, which means that water cannot enter here. 33:58.580 --> 34:05.580 This is precisely the most important condition necessary for the binding of amino acids to one another. 34:06.580 --> 34:12.580 Here, the ribosome enables the peptide bonds to be formed, and an amino acid chain can be created. 34:12.580 --> 34:30.580 hierarchy of revolution 34:31.580 --> 34:39.580 The theory of evolution that was developed in the 1800s was opened by TodoCruz Institute of见 34:39.580 --> 34:44.640 The theory of evolution that was developed in the 1800s was a big lie right from the 34:44.640 --> 34:45.640 beginning. 34:45.640 --> 34:50.780 In fact, Charles Darwin, who proposed the theory, also knew this. 34:50.780 --> 34:55.580 He has many statements about the difficulties of the theory, but I want to share a specific 34:55.580 --> 34:56.580 one. 34:56.580 --> 35:01.900 I cannot anyhow be consented to view this wonderful universe, and especially the nature 35:01.900 --> 35:05.940 of man, and to conclude that everything is the result of brute force. 35:05.940 --> 35:10.000 I am inclined to look at everything as resulting from designed laws. 35:10.000 --> 35:14.840 All these laws may have been expressly designed by an omniscient creator, who foresaw every 35:14.840 --> 35:16.780 future event and consequence. 35:16.780 --> 35:19.420 The more I think, the more bewildered I become. 35:19.420 --> 35:22.260 I am conscious that I am in an utterly hopeless muddle. 35:22.260 --> 35:30.760 I cannot think that the world as we see it is the result of chance. 35:30.760 --> 35:33.340 So information is an absolute necessity. 35:33.340 --> 35:38.120 The information regarding the laws that bring together the molecules, amino acids, proteins, 35:38.120 --> 35:42.960 the information regarding thousands of different biological processes like intracellular respiration, 35:42.960 --> 35:46.780 and metabolic activities, and information regarding many countless other details are 35:46.780 --> 35:48.600 only a few examples. 35:48.600 --> 35:53.640 Also in the macro world, visible to our eyes, the actions of animals and plants are always 35:53.640 --> 35:56.340 coordinated and purposeful. 35:56.340 --> 36:03.880 But certainly if we look at individual organisms, I think the beauty and the intricacy and the 36:03.880 --> 36:10.400 complexity within individual organisms and those that live in sort of a symbiotic relationship, 36:10.400 --> 36:18.780 or in areas where nature perhaps is at its best, that I think that reflects what the Apostle 36:18.780 --> 36:26.400 Paul refers to in Romans 1 verses 20 through 23, that everywhere we look in creation we see 36:26.400 --> 36:34.220 the handiwork of a creator to such an extent that we cannot just know that God exists, but 36:34.220 --> 36:39.500 we can even know the divine nature and eternal power of God in a way that is obvious and that 36:39.500 --> 36:40.780 we should not deny. 36:40.780 --> 36:49.400 So I think nature, when we are in harmony with it and when it is in harmony with itself, that 36:49.400 --> 36:54.980 it points directly to God and the existence of a creator in a way that should draw our hearts 36:54.980 --> 36:57.500 and our minds and our spirits towards him. 37:10.780 --> 37:38.460 Let's talk about the first living organisms that existed on earth. 37:38.460 --> 37:41.020 They are the source of oxygen that we breathe. 37:41.020 --> 37:44.240 They are the creatures that provide the plant roots with nitrogen. 37:44.240 --> 37:46.740 They are called cyanobacteria. 37:46.740 --> 37:51.660 God created these bacteria 3.5 billion years ago, and since then, they have been doing their 37:51.660 --> 37:53.360 job in an excellent manner. 37:53.360 --> 37:57.480 If it were not for them, no living creature would be technically alive today. 37:57.480 --> 37:59.740 But what are the features that make them so important? 37:59.740 --> 38:05.560 Right, so the bacteria you're referring to have been evidenced in the fossil record at 38:05.560 --> 38:10.340 least 3.8 billion years ago in what are called stromatolites. 38:10.340 --> 38:18.560 These are basically mounds of petrified sedimentary layers that have been laid down over time by 38:18.560 --> 38:27.560 bacterial mats secreting compounds that basically solidify into rock-like structures. 38:27.560 --> 38:34.840 So, no, the simplest bacterium that we know of, the most minimalistic cell, which is a small 38:34.840 --> 38:40.380 bacteria, contains over 380 different genes. 38:40.380 --> 38:47.240 And of those 380 different genes, we still don't know what about 140 of those do. 38:47.240 --> 38:52.820 So it's a highly complex organism that has a very complex genome. 38:52.820 --> 38:58.160 So they're not simple organisms, and it's apparent that there were probably more than 38:58.160 --> 39:01.700 one type of bacteria in the early fossil records. 39:01.700 --> 39:08.240 And so we have a diversity, we have a complexity, even at the simplest and earliest life levels. 39:08.240 --> 39:20.680 The free nitrogen molecules in the atmosphere are one of the basic elements in proteins. 39:20.680 --> 39:22.800 Plants cannot use this element directly. 39:22.800 --> 39:27.580 Therefore cyanobacteria, with a process called fixation, convert it into a form that can be 39:27.580 --> 39:31.000 used by the plants. 39:31.000 --> 39:35.060 Cyanobacteria carry out many different cellular activities in the same cell, such as protein 39:35.060 --> 39:40.760 synthesis, photosynthesis, respiration, and nitrogen fixation. 39:40.760 --> 39:45.720 In order to do all this, they use a three-layer membrane system, called the outer membrane, 39:45.720 --> 39:48.660 cell membrane, and thylakoid membrane system. 39:48.660 --> 39:54.760 This whole membrane system makes cyanobacteria the most complex member of the bacterial kingdom. 39:54.760 --> 40:00.760 3.5 billion years ago, which is a period of time the evolutionists tried to 40:00.760 --> 40:07.280 dismiss as primitive, God created the most complex member of the bacterial kingdom. 40:07.280 --> 40:11.960 These bacteria have accomplished such great things that if it were not for them, it would 40:11.960 --> 40:16.480 not have been possible for any living creature to survive today. 40:16.480 --> 40:20.900 Now let's talk about the properties of cyanobacteria. 40:20.900 --> 40:26.880 They alone can photosynthesize and produce 30% of the oxygen in the atmosphere. 40:26.880 --> 40:31.900 Their DNA contains information about specific proteins that protect them against the sun's 40:31.900 --> 40:36.060 harmful rays, and they can filter out ultraviolet rays. 40:36.060 --> 40:41.520 But proteins produced by some of their species render many viruses nonfunctional, including 40:41.520 --> 40:43.500 the HIV virus. 40:43.500 --> 40:48.460 They can protect their own species against danger by producing toxic substances. 40:48.460 --> 40:53.200 They have the ability to adjust their metabolic activities according to the sun. 40:53.200 --> 40:59.260 In other words, they possess a circadian clock, which can only be found in multicellular organism. 40:59.260 --> 41:04.960 The nitrogenase enzyme they use the most to fix nitrogen is much faster and more efficient 41:04.960 --> 41:08.440 when compared to the industrialized fertilizers today. 41:08.440 --> 41:15.760 It is because this same process requires a temperature of 400 degrees centigrade and a pressure of 200-350 41:15.760 --> 41:22.340 atmospheres in a factory, whereas cyanobacteria can perform the same process easily at normal 41:22.340 --> 41:28.720 temperature and under normal pressure. 41:28.720 --> 41:32.580 In this documentary, we talked about the fact that life can only exist through the will 41:32.580 --> 41:37.620 of God, and that God created the whole world and everything in it for a purpose. 41:37.620 --> 41:43.240 There is not a single simple structure in either single-celled or multi-celled organisms. 41:43.240 --> 41:47.680 On the contrary, there is an extraordinary technology in all of them. 41:47.680 --> 41:52.280 All systems exist as a whole and can only function when they are complete. 41:52.280 --> 41:55.620 This is the only way for life to exist. 41:55.620 --> 42:01.240 The mind that created all these things belongs to Almighty God, who is all-knowing and has infinite 42:01.240 --> 42:01.740 knowledge. 42:07.620 --> 42:32.560 A